United Kingdom

IUnited Kingdom yeGreat Britain neNorthern Ireland, inowanzozivikanwa seUnited Kingdom (UK), inyika inotonga kumadokero kweEurope. Iyo UK inosanganisira chitsuwa cheGreat Britain, chikamu chekuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kwechitsuwa cheIreland uye zviwi zvidiki zvidiki Guta guru reUK neguta rakakura iLondon, guta repasirese uye muzinda wezvemari une nzvimbo yemadhorobha ye10.3 mamirioni.

Nenharaunda yemakiromita mazana maviri nemakumi mairi nemaviri, iyo UK ndiyo 78th-yakakura nyika yekutonga pasi rose. Nyika dzeUnited Kingdom dzinosanganisira: England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland.

Vagari

Iyo zvakare iri 21st-ine vanhu vazhinji nyika, ine inofungidzirwa 65.5 mamirioni vagari mu2016.

Mutauro

Mutauro weUK wepamutemo ndiChirungu. Inofungidzirwa kuti 95% yevagari veUK ndivo vanotaura mitauro imwechete yeChirungu. 5.5% yevagari vanofungidzirwa kuti vanotaura mitauro yakaunzwa kuUK semhedzisiro yekubva kune dzimwe nyika.

UK ihumambo hwebumbiro rine hutongi hweparamende. United Kingdom inyika yakabatana pasi pehumambo hwebumbiro. Mambokadzi Elizabeth II ndiye monarch uye mukuru wenyika yeUK, pamwe naMambokadzi wemamwe gumi nemashanu akazvimiririra nyika dzeCommonwealth.

UK ine hurumende yeparamende yakavakirwa paWestminster system iyo yakateedzerwa kutenderera pasirese: nhaka yeBritain Humambo.

Dare remakurukota rakajairwa kutorwa kubva kunhengo dzebato remutungamiriri kana mubatanidzwa uye zvikuru kubva kuImba yeMakomendi asi nguva dzose kubva kudzimba mbiri dzemitemo, dare remakurukota riri kuita kune vese. Simba rekutungamira rinoshandiswa nemutungamiriri uye kabhineti, vese vakapika muPrivy Council yeUnited Kingdom, uye vanove maMinister eCrown.

Iyo UK ine matatu akasarudzika masisitimu emutemo: mutemo weChirungu, Northern Ireland mutemo uye Scots mutemo.

Uyezve verenga: Kutanga bhizinesi muUK semutorwa

IUK ine hupamhi hwepamusika hupfumi. Zvichienderana nemitengo yekutsinhana pamusika, iyo UK inyika yakabudirira uye ine hupfumi hwepasi rose hukuru uye hupfumbamwe-hupfumi hukuru nekutenga simba parity.

London ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo nhatu dzekuraira hupfumi hwepasi rese (padhuze neNew York City neTokyo), uye iri muzinda wepasi rose wezvemari - padivi peNew York - ichizvirumbidza GDP rakakura kwazvo muEurope. Chikamu chebasa reUK chinoumba chikamu chinosvika 73% yeGDP nepo kushanya kuchikosha zvakanyanya kuhupfumi hweBritain, iUnited Kingdom ichionekwa senzvimbo yechitanhatu yekushanya munyika, nepo London iine vashanyi vekunze kwenyika kuguta ripi zvaro pasi rese.

Mari

Pound yeBritain (GBP; £)

Kuchinja Kudzora

Iko hakuna kwekuchinjana kudzora kunodzivisa kuchinjirwa kwemari mukati kana kunze kweUK, kunyangwe chero munhu akatakura yakaenzana ne € 10,000 kana kupfuura mumari pavanopinda muUK vanofanirwa kuzvizivisa.

Zvemari mabasa indasitiri

Guta reLondon nderimwe remasangano epasi rese emari. Iyo Canary Wharf ndeimwe yemaviri makuru emari emari eku UK pamwe neGuta reLondon.

Bhengi reEngland ibhanga repakati reUK uye rinotarisira kuburitsa manotsi nemari mumari yenyika, iyo paundi sterling. Pound sterling ndiyo yenyika yechitatu pakukura yakachengetwa mari (mushure meUS Dollar uye iyo Euro).

Chikamu chebasa reUK chinoumba chikamu chinosvika 73% yeGDP nepo kushanya, mari iri yakakosha kuhupfumi hweBritain, neUnited Kingdom yakatarwa senzvimbo yechitanhatu yekushanya munyika, nepo London iine vashanyi vekunze kwenyika kuguta ripi zvaro pasi rese.

Verenga zvimwe: Akaundi yevatengesi muUK

Makambani eUK anodzorwa pasi peComputer Act 2006. Iyo UK Makambani House ndiyo inotonga masimba. Sisitimu yepamutemo mutemo wakajairika Makambani eUK ndiwo akareruka uye anochinja-chinja emakambani kuti apinze mukati meEuropean Union uye kushanyira UK hakudiwe kuisa kambani yako.

Mhando yeKambani / Corporation muUK

One IBC inopa iyo United Kingdom yekubatanidza masevhisi nerudzi Private Private, Public Limited uye LLP (Yakatemerwa Liability Partnership).

Kurambidzwa Kwebhizinesi

UK Private Limited Makambani haakwanise kuita bhizinesi rekubhengi, inishuwarenzi, mabasa emari, mutengi chikwereti, uye zvakafanana kana zvinoenderana masevhisi.

Kambani Zita Rirambidzo

Kambani haifanire kunyoreswa pasi peMutemo uyu nezita kana, mumaonero eSecretary of State (a) mashandisirwo ayo nekambani ingangove mhosva, kana (b) inosemesa.

Zita rekambani shoma iyo iri yeruzhinji kambani inofanirwa kupera ne "yeruzhinji limited kambani" kana "plc".

Zita rekambani ine mashoma iyo iri kambani yakazvimiririra inofanira kupera ne "limited" kana "ltd."

Mazita akarambidzwa anosanganisira iwo anongedzera kuchengetedzwa kweMhuri yehumambo kana izvo zvinoreva kusangana neCentral kana Local Government yeUnited Kingdom. Zvimwe zvinorambidzwa zvinoiswa pamazita akafanana kana akafanana nekambani iripo kana chero zita ringaonekwa serinoshoresa kana kuratidza zviito zvematsotsi. Aya anotevera mazita kana zvavanotora zvinoda rezinesi kana imwe Hurumende Mvumo: "vimbiso", "bhangi", "runako", "kuvaka nzanga", "Chamber of Commerce", "fund management", "inishuwarenzi", "Investment fund" , "Zvikwereti", "masipala", "reinsurance", "savings", "trust", "matirastii", "yunivhesiti", kana zvirevo zvavo zvemitauro yekune imwe nyika izvo zvinotarisirwa kubvumirwa neMunyori weHurumende.

Ruzivo Rwekambani zvakavanzika

UK makambani anofanirwa kutarisira kuti imwe yeruzivo yemakambani iwanikwe kune veruzhinji.

Nekuti vaviri vakasarudzwa vakuru, director director uye secretary vanofanirwa kugadzwa nekambani yeUK uye vanoonekwa sevane mhosva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvekambani, ruzivo rwavo runowanzoitwa pachena.

Corporation maakaunzi zvakare anofanirwa kumisikidzwa uye anogona kuitwa kuti aonekwe neruzhinji.

Ingori matanho mana akareruka anopiwa kuisa kambani muUK:

• Nhanho 1: Sarudza yakakosha Resident / Muvambi werudzi ruzivo uye mamwe mabasa ekuwedzera aunoda (kana paine).

• Nhanho 2: Nyoresa kana kupinda uye zadza mazita emakambani uye director / shareholder (s) uye zadza kero yekubhadhara uye chikumbiro chakakosha (kana chiripo).

• Nhanho 3: Sarudza yako yekubhadhara nzira (Isu tinogamuchira kubhadharwa neKiredhiti / Dhibhadhi Kadhi, PayPal kana Wire Tumira).

• Nhanho 4: Iwe uchagashira akapfava makopi emadhipatimendi anodiwa anosanganisira: Chitupa cheInorporation, Bhizinesi Kunyoresa, Memorandamu uye Zvinyorwa zveSangano, nezvimwe. Ipapo, kambani yako nyowani kuUK yakagadzirira kuita bhizinesi. Unogona kuunza zvinyorwa mukiti kit kuvhura account yemabhangi kana isu tinogona kukubatsira neruzivo rwedu rurefu rwekutsigira Banking sevhisi.

* Aya magwaro anodikanwa kuti apinze kambani muUK:

• Pasipoti yemugove wega wega / muridzi anobatsira uye director;

• Uchapupu hwekero yekugara yemumwe director uye mugovani (Inofanira kunge iri muChirungu kana vhezheni yeshanduro yakasimbiswa);

• Iyo yakasarudzika kambani mazita;

• Iyo yakapihwa share capital uye chikamu kukosha kwezvikamu.

Goverana capital

Kambani haigone kuumbwa se, kana kuva, kambani inoganhurirwa nevimbiso ine share share. "Iyo yakatemerwa hushoma", maererano nehuremu hwezita rekambani yeruzhinji yakapihwa share capital iri (a) £ 50,000, kana (b) iyo yakatemwa Euro yakaenzana.

Goverana

Zvikamu zvinogona kupihwa nepar kukosha chete. Mutakuri zvikamu hazvibvumirwi.

Mutungamiriri

Imwe kambani yakazvimiririra inofanirwa kuve neinenge imwechete director.Iye yeruzhinji kambani inofanirwa kuve neinenge maviri madhairekita.

Kambani inofanirwa kuve nemutungamiriri mumwechete ari munhu chaiye. Munhu anogona kusadomwa director wekambani kunze kwekunge asvitsa makore gumi nematanhatu.

Verenga zvakawanda: UK sarudza director director

Mumiririri

Vagovani vekambani yeUnited Kingdom vanogona kunge vari vemakambani kana vanhu vamwe.

Kana kambani yakaganhurwa ikaumbwa pasi peComputer Act 2006 iine nhengo imwe chete panopinda mukabhuku rekambani yenhengo, rine zita nekero yenhengo yega, chirevo chekuti kambani inhengo imwe chete.

Mazita evatungamiriri uye vagovani vanowanikwa kumarejista emakambani.

Mutero

Kubva 1 Kubvumbi 2015 kune imwechete Corporation Mutero wehuwandu we20% kune isiri-mhete fenzi purofiti. PaZhizha Budget 2015, hurumende yakazivisa mutemo unogadza iyo Corporation Mutero mukuru rate (yezvese purofiti kunze kwemaringi fenzi purofiti) pa19% yemakore kutanga 1 Kubvumbi 2017, 2018 uye 2019 uye pa18% yegore rinotanga 1 Kubvumbi 2020 PaBudget 2016, hurumende yakazivisa kudzikiswazve kune iyo Mutero Mutero mari huru (yezvemubhadharo wese kusara kwemihomwe yecheni yefenzi) yegore rinotanga musi wa1 Kubvumbi 2020, ichiisa mwero pa17%.

Chirevo chemari

Makambani anofanirwa kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvemakambani zvemabhuku uye kuendesa maakaunzi kuti aongororwe neruzhinji. UK makambani anodikanwa kuti anyore mafirita egore negore uye anochengeta zvinyorwa zvegore negore zvemari kana paine kuongororwa.

Yemunharaunda Mumiriri

UK makambani anofanirwa kuve neanoshanda akanyoreswa mumiriri uye hofisi yemunharaunda kero. Kero iyi ichashandiswa mukuita basa zvikumbiro uye zviziviso zvepamutemo.

Zvibvumirano zveMitero zvakapetwa

United Kingdom iri mubato rezvibvumirano zvakapetwa kaviri zvemitero kupfuura chero nyika yekutonga.

Bhizinesi Rezinesi

Chinhu cheKambani kuita chero chiitiko kana chiitiko chisina kurambidzwa pasi pemutemo upi. Iko hakuna zvirambidzo pakuita bhizinesi mukati kana kunze kweUK nemakambani eUK.

Kubhadhara, Kambani Dzoka Yakakodzera Zuva

Kambani yako kana musangano unofanirwa kufaira Kambani Mutero Kudzoka kana iwe ukawana 'chiziviso chekuendesa Kambani Mutero Kudzoka' kubva kuHM Revenue uye Tsika (HMRC). Iwe unofanirwa kutumira kutumira kana iwe ukarasikirwa kana usina Corporation Mutero yekubhadhara.

Nguva yakatarwa yekudzoka kwako kwemutero ndeye mwedzi gumi nemaviri mushure mekuguma kwenguva yekuverenga iyo inovhara. Iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara chirango kana ukarasikirwa nenguva yakatarwa.

Pane imwe nguva yekupedzisira yekubhadhara yako Mutero Mutero bhiri. Kazhinji mwedzi 9 uye zuva rimwe mushure mekuguma kwenguva yekuverenga.

Chirango

Iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara zvirango kana iwe ukasafaira yako Kambani Mutero Kudzoka nenguva yekupedzisira.

Kana mutero wako uchidzoka kwapera mwedzi mitanhatu, HMRC ichakunyora ichikuudza iwe kuti Mutero weKambani wavanofunga kuti unofanira kubhadhara. Izvi zvinonzi 'kutsunga kwemutero'. Iwe haugone kukwikwidza kupokana nazvo.

Iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara iyo Mutero Mutero wakakodzera uye faira yako mutero kudzoka. HMRC ichaverengera zvakare kufarira uye zvirango zvaunofanira kubhadhara.