Ukuphucula uKhuphiswano lwaseVietnam: i-2019 Global Index yoKhuphiswano

Ixesha elihlaziyiweyo: 12 Nov, 2019, 18:16 (UTC+08:00)

IVietnam yatsiba iindawo ezili-10 ukuya kwinqanaba lama-67 kwaye yayiphakathi kwezoqoqosho oluphuculwe kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela ukusuka kumgangatho wonyaka ophelileyo ngokwe-2019 Global Competitive Index.
IVietnam ibekwe kwindawo ephezulu kubungakanani bemakethi kunye ne-ICT kodwa kufuneka isebenze kwizakhono, amaziko, kunye noshintsho lweshishini.

Imeko yezeshishini yaseVietnam iyaqhubeka nokuphucuka ngokweNgxelo yoKhuphiswano yeHlabathi ka-2019 esandula ukukhutshwa yiQonga lezoQoqosho leHlabathi.

Vietnam’s Improving Competitiveness: 2019 Global Competitive Index

Ingxelo igubungela amazwe ali-141 enza iipesenti ezingama-99 ze-GDP yehlabathi. Ingxelo ilinganisa izinto ezininzi kunye nemiba engezantsi, kubandakanya amaziko, iziseko zophuhliso, ukwamkelwa kwe-ICT, uzinzo kuqoqosho olukhulu, ezempilo, izakhono, intengiso yemveliso, intengiso yabasebenzi, inkqubo yezemali, ubungakanani bemakethi, amandla eshishini, kunye namandla okwenza izinto ezintsha. Ukusebenza kwelizwe kukalwe kumanqaku aqhubela phambili kwinqanaba le-1-100, apho i-100 imele ilizwe elifanelekileyo.

Ingxelo iqaphele ukuba ngaphandle kweshumi leminyaka lemveliso iphantsi, iVietnam enenqanaba lama-67 iphucule ezona zibalaseleyo kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye yatsiba iindawo ezili-10 kumgangatho wonyaka ophelileyo. Yongeze yathi iMpuma yeAsia ngoyena mmandla unokhuphiswano kwihlabathi lilandelwa yiYurophu noMntla Melika. ISingapore yaphuma phambili, yabetha i-US.

IVietnam ibaluleke kakhulu kubungakanani bemakethi, i-ICT

IVietnam ibekwe kwindawo ephezulu ngokobungakanani bayo bemakethi kunye nokwamkelwa kolwazi kunye netekhnoloji yonxibelelwano (ICT). Ubungakanani bemakethi buchazwa yi-GDP kunye nokungeniswa kwempahla kunye neenkonzo. Ukwamkelwa kwe-ICT kulinganiswa ngenani labasebenzisi be-intanethi kunye nokubhaliselwa kweefowuni eziphathwayo, iselfowuni ebanzi, i-intanethi esisigxina, kunye nefayibha ye-intanethi.

IVietnam yenze okona kubi kwizakhono, amaziko kunye noshintsho kwishishini. Izakhono zilinganiswa ngokuhlalutya imfundo kunye neseti yezakhono zabasebenzi abakhoyo nabasezayo elizweni. Amaziko alinganiswa ngokhuselo, ukungafihli nto, ulawulo lweshishini, kunye necandelo likarhulumente. Utshintsho kwishishini kukubona indlela ezikhululekile ngayo iimfuno zolawulo kumashishini kunye nendlela inkcubeko yoshishini lwelizwe eliqhuba ngayo.

Ingxelo ikwabeka iVietnam ngomngcipheko ophantsi wobunqolobi kunye namanqanaba azinzileyo emali.

Ukunyuka kweVietnam kunye nokuvela kwayo njengeziko lemveliso ngoku kuyaziwa. Izivumelwano zorhwebo zasimahla zaseVietnam kunye neendleko zabasebenzi eziphantsi zikhuthaze abatyali mali ukuba bahambise imisebenzi evumela iVietnam ukuba igqibe iTshayina njengendawo ekuyiwa kuyo kumazwe angaphandle. Ukongeza, ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe e-US kunyuke nge-US $ 600 yezigidi ze-surplus ngokweBhanki yaseMelika iMerrill Lynch Study.

Unxibelelwano lwe-intanethi lweli lizwe lusasazeke kwilizwe liphela ngokufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi yasimahla efumaneka kwiivenkile zekofu, iivenkile zokutyela, iindawo zokuthenga, nakwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya. Idatha yeselfowuni ekhawulezileyo yaseVietnam iphakathi kwexabiso eliphantsi emhlabeni. Ukongeza, ngelixa iVietnam isithumela ngaphandle isoftware enkulu, ngoku iyanda iye kumabala afana ne-fintech kunye nobukrelekrele bokuzenzela.

Njengokuba iVietnam iqhubeka nokukhula, sijonga izinto eziqaqanjisiweyo kwingxelo urhulumente asebenzela ukuyilungisa ukuze ahambisane ne-FDI ezinzileyo.

Isakhono sabasebenzi

Isalathiso sokhuphiswano siwela ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokuhambelana nokukhula kwezoqoqosho eVietnam. Njengoncedo lweVietnam kwimfazwe yorhwebo phakathi kweWashington neBeijing, abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu yipremiyamu. Ngelixa abasebenzi abatsha, abangenazo izakhono beninzi, uqeqesho olusisiseko lusadinga ixesha. Ukongeza, abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu banokufuna iphakheji engcono kwaye iinkampani zibona amazinga aphezulu emali. Ngelixa imeko iphucuka, urhulumente kuyakufuneka enze le nto ngokuseka izikolo zoqeqesho ngakumbi kunye namaziko obuchwephesha ukukhupha abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu.

Ulawulo lokuzimele

Ngokwanda kotyalo mali lwangaphandle eVietnam, iindlela ezahlukeneyo kulawulo lweshishini zikhokelele kungqubano lwemigangatho kunye neendlela zeshishini. Olu xinzelelo lubhengezwe ngakumbi phakathi kweenkampani ezizezabaseTshayina nezaseNtshona. Ngenani lezivumelwano zorhwebo zasimahla ezisayiniweyo, kubandakanya isiVumelwano esiDibeneyo sokuDibana kunye neNkqubela phambili yeTrans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) kunye ne -European Union Vietnam Trade Free Agreement (i-EVFTA) , iVietnam iya kudinga ukuhlaziya imigangatho yayo. Nge-Agasti, i-State Securities Commission yaseVietnam yakhupha iKhowudi yokuLawulwa kweZiko laseVietnam yezona ziNqobo ziBalaseleyo kwiiNkampani zikaRhulumente, ibeka izindululo malunga neendlela ezifanelekileyo zorhwebo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ube nempumelelo, utshintsho alunakuvela kuphela kwiinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe kodwa luya kufunwa kurhulumente uqobo.

Amashishini aliqela aqaphele ukuba ukufikelela kulwazi yingxaki eqhubekayo. Abatyalomali baxela ukuba ukufikelela kumaxwebhu asemthethweni kunokuba yingxaki kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kufuna 'ubudlelwane' namagosa.

Utshintsho kwishishini

Kwi- 2018 elula yokwenza ingxelo yeshishini , i-Vietnam ngelixa isakhuphisana, yehla indawo enye ukuya kwi-69 kuhlelo lwangaphambili. Oku kubonisa ukuba iVietnam kusafuneka isebenze kwiinkqubo zayo zeshishini, eziyindinisa kunabamelwane bayo be-ASEAN, ezinje ngeThailand, iMalaysia kunye neSingapore. Ukuqala kweshishini kuthatha i-avareji yeentsuku zokusebenza ezili-18 kunye nenani leenkqubo ezinyanzelekileyo nezitya ixesha. Kwi- Index yoKhuphiswano lwePhondo esandula ukukhutshwa, iinkqubo zokungenela ziye zaqhubeka ukuba yinkxalabo kumashishini abanye besithi kungathatha ngaphezulu kwenyanga ukugcwalisa onke amaphepha afunekayo ngaphandle kwelayisensi yeshishini ukuba ibe semthethweni. Ukujongana nale micimbi, iVietnam inciphisile iifizi zobhaliso kwaye yenza ukuba umxholo ubekhona kwi-intanethi kunyanzeliswa iikhontrakthi zeenkampani ezingena kulo mmandla.

Ukuzithemba kubatyalomali kuhlala komelele

Nangona kunjalo, i- FDI iyaqhubeka nokugaleleka eVietnam kwaye urhulumente unomdla wokuphucula imeko yezoshishino elizweni. Ezi zinto zichazwe ngasentla azibonisi ukwanda koqoqosho lweli lizwe kule minyaka idlulileyo njengoko kubonisiwe kwisalathiso sonyaka sokhuphiswano. Owona mceli mngeni mkhulu waseVietnam kukulawula ukukhula ngokufanelekileyo. Imfazwe yorhwebo kunye nezivumelwano zorhwebo zasimahla zaseVietnam zidale izizathu ezoneleyo zokuba abatyali bamanye amazwe bangene kwaye bavune izibonelelo kutyalo-mali lwabo. Eli nqanaba kunokwenzeka ukuba liqhubeke kwixesha eliphakathi ukuya kwelide.