IVietnam - Ubudlelwano bezohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali eSingapore

Kusukela kwasungulwa ubudlelwano bokusebenzisana phakathi kwamazwe amabili ngonyaka we-1973, ukuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali phakathi kweSingapore neVietnam kukhule kakhulu futhi kube yinto ebalulekile ekwakheni ubudlelwano obuqinile bamazwe amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, selokhu kwaqaliswa iSivumelwano Sokwakheka Kwezokuxhumana ngowezi-2006, sekuthathwe izinyathelo eziningana ekwakheni indawo evumayo yezinkampani zaseSingapore ezitshala imali eVietnam. Amapaki wezimboni ayisikhombisa aseVietnam neSingapore eBinh Duong, Hai Phong, Bac Ninh, Quang Ngai, Hai Duong naseNghe An ayizibonelo zokubambisana okusondelene kwezomnotho phakathi kwala mazwe womabili.

Ukuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali

FDI

IVietnam ingenye yezindawo ezibalulekile zokutshala imali ezinkampanini zaseSingapore. Kuze kube unyaka we-2016, bekunamaphrojekthi wokutshalwa kwezimali ayi-1,786 ngezimali ezibhalisiwe eziqongelelwe ezibaliwe ezingama-US $ 37.9 billion. Ngo-2016, iSingapore yayingumthombo wesithathu ngobukhulu we-FDI eVietnam, ebalwa ngamaphesenti angama-9.9 kuma-US $ 2.41 billion. Ngokwenhlokodolobha esanda kubhaliswa, izindlu nezakhiwo kwakuyimikhakha ekhanga kakhulu. Ngokwenani, ngaphandle kwezakhiwo nokwakhiwa, ukukhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ezindwangu nasezingutsheni kwakuyimikhakha ebalulekile.

Eminyakeni edlule, ama-Industrial Industrial Parks ayisikhombisa aseVietnam-Singapore ahehe abatshalizimali abangaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-9 zamadola aseMelika, nezinkampani ezingama-600 ezihlinzeka ngemisebenzi kubasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-170,000, okuveza impumelelo yamapaki ezimboni athuthukiswe ngokuhlanganyela. Amapaki ezimboni ayizindawo ezinhle zokuhlala phansi izinkampani zaseSingapore ezifuna ukusetha eVietnam zinikezwe ulwazi lwazo nobungoti ekuphatheni amapaki anjalo. Njengamanje, izinkampani zaseSingapore ezivela ekukhiqizweni kokudla, amakhemikhali, nobunjiniyela bokunemba zikhona kula mapaki.

Indawo ehleliwe yaseVietnam, abasebenzi bezindleko eziphansi, isigaba sabathengi esikhulayo, kanye nezikhuthazo kubatshalizimali bangaphandle kwenze izwe laba indawo ekhangayo yotshalomali oluqondile lwangaphandle lwaseSingapore (FDIs).

Ukuhweba

Ukuhwebelana kwamazwe amabili phakathi kwalaba bomakhelwane bobabili kwafinyelela ku-US $ 19.8 billion ngo-2016. ISingapore ingumlingani wesithupha omkhulu wezohwebo eVietnam, kuyilapho iVietnam ingumlingani we-12 waseSingapore ohweba kakhulu. Impahla eye yabona ukukhula okuphezulu kwezohwebo ifaka phakathi imikhiqizo yensimbi nensimbi, igrisi, izikhumba, ama-tobaccos, imikhiqizo yengilazi, izinhlanzi zasolwandle nemifino.

Amathuba

Umnotho okhulayo waseVietnam unikeza amathuba amaningi ezinkampani zaseSingapore. Imikhakha emikhulu enentshisekelo ifaka phakathi ukukhiqiza, izinsizakalo zabathengi, ukungenisa izihambi, ukucubungula ukudla, ingqalasizinda, izakhiwo, ukukhiqizwa kobuchwepheshe obuphakeme.

Ukukhiqiza

Njengoba iVietnam ivela njengehabhu lezokukhiqiza kanye nokunye okungabizi kakhulu okuya eChina, izinkampani zaseSingapore zingasungula imisebenzi yokukhiqiza eVietnam futhi zinikeze ngezinsizakalo ezisekelayo njengezinsizakalo ezizenzekelayo nezokusebenza zezinkampani ezisungula imisebenzi enjalo eVietnam. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe ekukhiqizeni kuzophinda kudinge izidingo zezinsiza nezokuthutha futhi izinkampani zaseSingapore nazo zingafaka isandla kulezi zindawo.

Izimpahla Nemisebenzi Yabathengi

Ukukhuphuka kwemali engenayo, isibalo sabantu esihle, kanye nokwanda kwamadolobha kunikeza amathuba amakhulu ezimpahla zabathengi kanye nomsebenzi. Ukukhula kwesigaba esiphakathi kungashayela izidingo ezinkulu zokudla neziphuzo, ukuzijabulisa, nemikhiqizo nezinsiza zokuphila, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amakhulu. Imali esetshenzisiwe yabathengi eVietnam inyuke yaya ku-US $ 146 billion ngo-2016 isuka kuma-US $ 80 billion ngo-2010, okuyintaba engaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-80. Esikhathini esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwemali yabathengi emaphandleni kukhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti angama-94, ngaphezu kokunyuka kwamaphesenti angama-69 kwezindleko zabathengi zasemadolobheni, ngenkathi ukusetshenziswa kwabahlali basemadolobheni bekuphakeme kunokusetshenziswa kwezindawo zasemakhaya futhi kubalwa amaphesenti angama-42 emali esetshenziswe ezweni.

Ezolimo

Ngenxa yokukhishwa kwayo kwezolimo okuphansi, iSingapore ingenisa cishe amaphesenti angama-90 wemikhiqizo yayo yokudla evela emazweni angomakhelwane. Lokhu kuholele eSingapore ukuthi ithuthukise ubuchwepheshe emikhakheni yokugcina, ukugcinwa kwempahla, nokupakishwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhakha wezolimo eVietnam ube negalelo elikhulu emnothweni wabo kepha imikhiqizo yawo ithathwa njengelinenani eliphansi nekhwalithi. Amafemu aseSingapore anganikeza ubuchwepheshe ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile namasu wokucubungula okungezwe ngenani. Ngaphandle kokutshala imali eVietnam, amafemu angaphinda athumele kabusha imikhiqizo yokudla evela eSingapore ngemuva kokucutshungulwa kwenani elengeziwe.

Ingqalasizinda yomphakathi

Ngokushesha kwedolobha, amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda yomphakathi njengokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala, ezokuthutha, izindawo zezomnotho nezindawo zokulungisa amanzi kunzima ukuthola ukuhambisana nokukhula komnotho. IHanoi neHo Chi Minh City kuphela bafuna imali ebiza US $ 4.6 billion yamaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda. Yize utshalomali lwezingqalasizinda zomphakathi nezizimele lilinganise amaphesenti ama-5.7 e-GDP eminyakeni yamuva eVietnam, utshalomali oluzimele lube ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ayi-10. Uhulumeni akakwazi ukukhokhela wonke amaphrojekthi ngemali mboleko noma isabelomali sombuso kanye nokusebenzisana komphakathi nabazimele (PPP) kunikela ngenye indlela entsha. Imikhakha ezimele ingaletha imithombo yezimali nobuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuxhasa amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda eholwa nguHulumeni.

Imikhakha ephezulu yezobuchwepheshe

Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphakeme kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ngo-2016, izingcingo, izinto ze-elekthronikhi, amakhompiyutha, kanye nezinto ezithile kwaba ngamaphesenti angama-72 okuthekelisa okuphelele kweVietnam. Izinkampani ezinjengePanasonic, iSamsung, iFoxconn, neIntel zonke zenze utshalomali olukhulu ezweni. Izikhuthazo zikahulumeni ngendlela yokwehliswa kwentela, amanani akhethwayo, ukukhululwa ekutshalweni kwemali emikhakheni ephezulu kuholele amafemu amaningi obuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke ukuthi athuthele izikhungo zawo zokukhiqiza aye eVietnam.

Ukuqhubekela phambili, ngaphandle kokukhiqiza, izakhiwo nezakhiwo, imikhakha efana ne-e-commerce, ukudla neziphuzo, ezemfundo nokuthengisa izobona ukwanda kotshalomali oluvela eSingapore. Ukutshalwa kwemali kuzoqhubeka nokuthinteka ezintweni ezinjengokukhula kwesisekelo sokwenza izinto, ukwanda kwezindleko zabathengi, kanye nezinguquko kuhulumeni.

Funda kabanzi

• Izinzuzo zokwenza ibhizinisi eVietnam
• Ukwakhiwa kwenkampani yaseVietnam