IVietnam: Isu le-FDI lowe-2018-2023

UMnyango Wezokuhlela Nokutshalwa Kwezimali eVietnam, ngosizo lweBhange Lomhlaba, njengamanje uhlela isu elisha le-FDI lowe-2018-2023 eligxile emikhakheni ehamba phambili kanye nekhwalithi yotshalo-mali, hhayi ubuningi. Uhlaka olusha luhlose ukukhulisa utshalomali lwangaphandle ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kunasemikhakheni edinga abasebenzi abaningi. Ukukhiqiza, izinsizakalo, ezolimo, nezokuvakasha yizona zigaba ezine ezinkulu ekugxilwe kuzo kulo mbhalo.

Kugxilwe imikhakha

Imikhakha emine emikhulu ekugxilwe kuyo yile:

• Ukukhiqiza - Kubandakanya izinsimbi ezisezingeni eliphakeme, amaminerali, amakhemikhali, izinto ze-elekthronikhi, amapulasitiki nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu;
• Izinsizakalo - Kubandakanya i-MRO (ukunakekelwa, ukulungiswa, nokulungiswa kabusha) kanye nokusebenza kwempahla;
• Ezolimo - Kubandakanya nemikhiqizo emisha yezolimo okungukuthi imikhiqizo yenani eliphezulu efana nerayisi, ikhofi, ukudla kwasolwandle kanye;
• Ubisi

Ukuvakasha - Izinsizakalo zezokuvakasha ezinenani eliphakeme.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali

Okusalungiswa kubeka phambili ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-FDI esikhathini esifushane nasesikhathini esimaphakathi. Esikhathini esifushane, izimboni ezinamathuba amancane okuncintisana zizobekwa eqhulwini.

Izimboni zifaka:

• Ukukhiqiza / Ukukhiqiza - Izinsiza kusebenza zezimoto nezokuthutha ama-OEM kanye nabaphakeli;
• Ubuchwepheshe obulungele imvelo - Ukongiwa kwamanzi, uSolar, Utshalomali lomoya.

Esikhathini eside, kugcizelelwa imikhakha egxile ekuthuthukiseni amakhono, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukukhiqiza - Ukukhiqizwa kwemithi nemishini yezokwelapha;
• Izinsizakalo - Izinsizakalo zifaka ezemfundo nezinsizakalo zezempilo, izinsizakalo zezezimali, kanye nobuchwepheshe bezezimali (Fintech);
• Ubuchwepheshe bolwazi nezinsizakalo zengqondo.

Okusalungiswa kufaka nezincomo mayelana nokususwa okuqhubekayo kwezithiyo zokungena kanye nokwenza ngcono izikhuthazo kubatshali bezimali bangaphandle ukuze umphumela wabo emnothweni ukhuliswe.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamazwe angaphandle eVietnam kukhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-7 unyaka nonyaka kuya kuma-USD 10.55 billion ngoJanuwari kuya kuJulayi 2019. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-FDI ithembisa amaphrojekthi amasha, ukwanda kwemali etholakele kanye nokutholwa kwamasheya - okukhombisa ubukhulu bezimali ezikhokhelwa i-FDI zesikhathi esizayo - kusuka onyakeni owedlule kuya kuma-USD 20.22 billion. Imboni yokukhiqiza nokucubungula kulindeleke ukuthi ithole inani elikhulu kakhulu lotshalo-mali (amaphesenti angama-71.5 wezibambiso eziphelele), kulandelwe izindlu ezithengiswayo (amaphesenti angu-7.3) kanye nomkhakha wesitolo esidayisa yonke impahla kanye nokudayisa (amaphesenti angu-5.4). IHong Kong ibingumthombo omkhulu wezifungo ze-FDI ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala zika-2019 (amaphesenti angama-26.9 wezibambiso eziphelele), ilandelwa yiNingizimu Korea (amaphesenti ayi-15.5) neChina (amaphesenti ayi-12.3). Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Okuqondile Kwangaphandle eVietnam kulinganiselwa ku-6.35 USD Billion kusuka ngo-1991 kuze kube ngu-2019, kufinyelela phezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi nge-19.10 USD Billion ngoDisemba ka-2018 kanye nerekhodi eliphansi lika-0.40 USD Billion ngoJanuwari ka-2010.

(Umthombo: Tradingeconomics.com, Ministry of Planning and Investment, Vietnam).

Iningi lotshalomali lwangaphandle eVietnam luvela eKorea, Japan naseSingapore. Esikhundleni sokuncika ngokweqile emazweni ase-Asia, iVietnam kufanele izithuthukise ngokwengeziwe futhi inyuse izimali ezivela e-EU, e-US nakwamanye amazwe angaphandle kwe-Asia-Pacific. Nge-EU-Vietnam FTA kanye neSivumelwano Esiphelele Nenqubekela Phambili Sobambiswano LweTrans-Pacific (CPTPP), iVietnam inethuba lokwandisa izimali ezivela emazweni angaphandle kwe-Asia. (Umthombo: Ukwaziswa kweVietnam).

Funda kabanzi

• Ubudlelwano baseVietnam Singapore
• Ukwakhiwa kwenkampani yaseVietnam