i-Hong Kong

I-Hong Kong ngokusemthethweni isifunda esikhethekile sokuphatha i-Hong Kong se-People's Republic of China, iyindawo ezimele ohlangothini olusempumalanga lomfula i-Pearl River e-East Asia. Kwaziwa njengesiqhingi engxenyeni eseNingizimu ye-Asia ese-Asia, eduze naseTaiwan. Kuyindawo ezimele, futhi eyayiyikoloni laseBrithani, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeChina.

Ingqikithi yendawo engama-2,755 km2 futhi yabelana ngomngcele wayo osenyakatho neSifundazwe saseGuangdong sezwekazi laseChina.

Inani labantu

Ngama-Hongkonger angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-7.4 wezizwe ezahlukahlukene. IHong Kong yisifunda sesine esinabantu abaningi emhlabeni.

Ulimi

Izilimi ezimbili ezisemthethweni zaseHong Kong isiShayina nesiNgisi. IsiCantonese, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaShayina ezivela esifundazweni saseGuangdong enyakatho neHong Kong, sikhulunywa iningi labantu. Cishe isigamu sabantu (53.2%) sikhuluma isiNgisi, yize kungu-4.3% kuphela abasisebenzisa ngokwendabuko kanye no-48.9% njengolimi lwesibili

IHong Kong yindawo enamandla ezinzile nedumela elihle kakhulu.

IHong Kong yahlala ilawulwa yiBrithani kwaze kwaba ngu-1997, lapho ibuyiselwa eChina. Njengesifunda esikhethekile sokuphatha, iHong Kong igcina uhlelo oluhlukile lwezepolitiki nezomnotho ngaphandle kwezwekazi laseChina.

IHong Kong yisifunda esikhethekile sokuphatha iChina futhi igcina isishayamthetho esihlukile, abaphathi kanye nezobulungiswa ezweni lonke. Unohulumeni wasePhalamende oholwa yizikhulu olinganiswe nohlelo lwaseWestminster, olutholwe kubaphathi bamakoloni baseBrithani. Umthetho Oyisisekelo waseHong Kong ngumbhalo womthethosisekelo wesifunda, osungula ukwakheka nomsebenzi kahulumeni

Njengegunya lomthetho ojwayelekile, izinkantolo zaseHong Kong zingabheka izibonelo ezibekwe emthethweni waseNgilandi nasezinqumweni zokwahlulela zeCommonwealth.

Yaziwa ngokuhweba kwamahhala nentela ephansi, umnotho wezinsizakalo waseHong Kong uthathwa njengenye yezinqubomgomo zezomnotho ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ibizwe njengomnotho wemakethe okhululeke kakhulu yi-Heritage Foundation Index of Economic Freedom.

I-Hong Kong, ebekwe njenge-'World's Freest Economy 'isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi, iyindawo yebhizinisi lesifunda e-Asia. IHong Kong inomnotho wezinsizakalo ezixubekile wobunxiwankulu, obonakala ngentela ephansi, ukungenelela okuncane kwezimakethe zikahulumeni, kanye nemakethe yezimali yamazwe omisiwe.

Ukusondela kweHong Kong neChina, ukufana kwayo ngokwesiko, amasiko omphakathi nolimi, kanye nemvelo yayo yebhizinisi yamazwe omhlaba, kuyenze yaba yisisekelo esihle sabatshalizimali bangaphandle ukungena emakethe yaseChina. Lezi zici zisiza nabatshalizimali bezwekazi ukutshala izimakethe zesifunda nezomhlaba jikelele. IHong Kong iyaqhubeka nokuba ngowesibili ngobukhulu e-Asia futhi ibe ngumamukeli wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni woTshalomali Lwezangaphandle.

Imali:

Idola laseHong Kong (HK $) noma (HKD), ekhonjiswe ngokusemthethweni kwiDola laseMelika.

Ukulawula Ukuhwebelana:

azikho izilawuli zokushintshaniswa kwemali yakwamanye amazwe.

Imboni yezinsizakalo zezezimali:

IHong Kong ingesinye sezikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, esiphethe amaphuzu aphezulu kunawo wonke we-Financial Development Index futhi sikleliswa ngokungaguquguquki njengendawo yezomnotho encintisana kakhulu futhi ekhululeke kakhulu emhlabeni. Njengenhlangano yokuhweba yesikhombisa ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ithenda layo elisemthethweni, idola laseHong Kong, liyimali edayiswa kakhulu nge-13.

IHong Kong futhi ingesinye sezikhungo zamabhange ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ezinezimpahla eziqinile zangaphandle ezigcinwe ngamabhange nezikhungo ezithatha imali.

Ngokuya ngocwaningo lwebhange lomhlaba elenza ibhizinisi, iHong Kong ikleliswe endaweni yesibili ngokulula ekwenzeni ibhizinisi emhlabeni. Inikeza izinzuzo eziningi zokuncintisana njengehabhu labatshalizimali lokuqhuba ibhizinisi labo.

Ukubhaliswa kweNkampani yaseHong Kong kungumphathi olawulayo futhi izinkampani zilawulwa ngaphansi kwe-Hong Kong Companies Ordinance 1984.

Zonke izinkampani zilandela imithetho yesimanje yaselwandle kanye nohlelo lwezomthetho Common Law olususelwa ku-English Common Law.

Uhlobo lweNkampani / Inhlangano:

I-One IBC Limited eyodwa ihlinzeka ngokufakwa kwezinsizakalo eHong Kong ngohlobo oluvame kakhulu kunqunyelwe ezizimele futhi kunqunyelwe umphakathi.

Ukuvinjelwa Kwebhizinisi:

Izinkampani zeHong Kong Limited azikwazi ukwenza ibhizinisi lemisebenzi yasebhange noma yomshuwalense noma ukucela imali noma ukuthengisa amasheya ayo kuMphakathi.

Ukuvinjelwa Kwegama Lenkampani:

Akunakwenzeka ukugcina igama leNkampani yaseHong Kong Limited. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi alikho yini igama elifanayo noma elifanayo kwirejista, okungavimbela inkampani ukuthi ifakwe. Igama leNkampani yaseHong Kong Limited kufanele ligcine ngo- “Limited”.

Ngokwe-Companies Act, inkampani ngeke ibhaliswe ngegama:

• Okufana negama elivela enkombeni yeRegistrar yamagama ezinkampani;
• Okufana nokwendikimba yomzimba efakwe noma esungulwe ngaphansi kwe-Odinensi;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwayo yinkampani, ngokombono weSikhulu Esiphezulu, kuyicala lokwephula umthetho; noma ecasulayo noma ephikisana nezintshisekelo zomphakathi;
• Noma noma yiliphi igama lingahle linikeze isithombe sokuthi inkampani ixhunywe nganoma iyiphi indlela noHulumeni Wabantu Ophakathi noma uHulumeni we-HKSAR noma yimuphi umnyango kahulumeni, ngakho-ke imikhawulo ibekwa kumagama anjengokuthi, "uMnyango", " Uhulumeni ”,“ Commission ”,“ Bureau ”,“ Federation ”,“ Council ”, kanye ne-“ Authority ”.

Funda kabanzi: Igama lenkampani yaseHong Kong

Ubumfihlo Benkampani:

Lapho sekubhaliswa, amagama ezikhulu zenkampani azovela kwirejista yomphakathi, kepha izinsizakalo zabaphakanyisiwe ziyatholakala.

• Isinyathelo 1: Khetha imininingwane eyisisekelo yokuhlala komhlali / umsunguli kanye nezinye izinsizakalo ezingeziwe ozifunayo (uma zikhona).
• Isinyathelo 2: Bhalisa noma ungene ngemvume bese ugcwalisa amagama ezinkampani kanye nomqondisi / abaninimasheya bese ugcwalisa ikheli lokukhokha kanye nesicelo esikhethekile (uma sikhona).
• Isinyathelo 3: Khetha indlela yakho yokukhokha (Samukela ukukhokha ngeKhadi lesikweletu / Debit, i-PayPal noma i-Wire Transfer).
• Isinyathelo 4: Uzothola amakhophi athambile amadokhumenti afanele afaka: Isitifiketi Sokuhlanganiswa, Ukubhaliswa Kwebhizinisi, Imemorandamu Nezindatshana Zenhlangano, njll. Ngemuva kwalokho, inkampani yakho entsha eHong Kong isilungele ukwenza ibhizinisi. Ungaletha amadokhumende asenkampanini yenkampani ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange yezinkampani noma singakusiza ngolwazi lwethu olude lwensizakalo yokusekela iBhange.

Funda kabanzi: Izindleko zokusetha inkampani yaseHong Kong

• Iphasiphothi yomnikazi wamasheya / umnikazi onenzuzo nomqondisi ngamunye;
• Ubufakazi bekheli lokuhlala lomqondisi ngamunye kanye nomninimasheya (Kumele kube ngesiNgisi noma inguqulo eqinisekisiwe yokuhumusha);
• Amagama enkampani ahlongozwayo;
• Imali ekhishwe ngamasheya nenani elilinganiselwe lamasheya.

Yabelana ngemali eyinhloko:

I-Share Capital ingakhishwa nganoma iyiphi imali enkulu. Ubuncane obujwayelekile obukhishwa yi-1 HKD futhi okugunyaziwe okujwayelekile yi-10,000 HKD.

I-Ordinance Yezinkampani entsha iqede umqondo wenani elilinganisiwe, ngaphansi kwe-Companies Ordinance yakudala, amasheya ezinkampani anenani elilinganayo (inani elilinganiselwe), amele inani eliphansi lapho lawo masheya angakhishwa khona ngokuvamile. Isenzo esisha sisebenzisa uhlelo olungenakubalwa ngamasheya asebenza kuwo wonke amasheya ezinkampani ezifakiwe zaseHong Kong.

Amakilasi Wamasheya Avumelekile: Amasheya ajwayelekile, amasheya akhethwayo, amasheya ahlengekayo kanye nokwabelana ngamalungelo okuvota noma ngaphandle kwawo, ngokuya ngemibhalo ye-Association.

Amasheya athengayo awavunyelwe.

Umqondisi:

Kudingeka umqondisi oyedwa kuphela, kepha okungenani umuntu ongu-1 wemvelo futhi akukho mingcele kubuzwe futhi asikho isidingo sokuba imihlangano yebhodi ibanjelwe eHong Kong.

Umnikazi wamasheya:

Kudingeka umninimasheya oyedwa kuphela futhi imihlangano yabaninimasheya akudingeki yenzeke eHong Kong. Abanini bamasheya abaphakanyisiwe bavunyelwe futhi ukungaziwa kungatholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwesevisi yethu yabanikazi bamasheya abaphakanyisiwe.

Umnikazi Ozuzayo:

I-Companies Amendment Ordinance 2018, idinga ukuthi zonke izinkampani ezifakwe eHong Kong zigcine imininingwane yobunikazi enenzuzo esesikhathini, ngokugcina irejista ebalulekile yabalawuli.

Chop / Seal Company Company:

I-seal yenkampani, ebizwa ngokuthi "inkampani chop" eHong Kong iyimpoqo ezinkampanini zaseHong Kong.

Intela:

IHong Kong yindawo eyingqayizivele yokufakwa kwezinkampani kanye nebhizinisi lamanye amazwe ngoba uhlelo lwayo lwentela lususelwa emthonjeni hhayi ekuhlaleni. Inqobo nje uma inkampani yaseHong Kong ingenzi noma yiliphi ibhizinisi eHong Kong, futhi ingakhi mali engenayo evela emithonjeni esekwe eHong Kong, inkampani ngeke ikhokhiswe intela eHong Kong.

Ngonyaka wokuhlola oqala ngomhlaka noma ngemuva komhla ka-1 Ephreli 2018, intela yenzuzo iyakhokhiswa enhlanganweni:

Isitatimende sezezimali:

Unyaka nonyaka, inkampani kufanele ifake imbuyiselo yonyaka. IRegistry Yezinkampani iya ngokuya iqaphile maqondana nokulethwa kwembuyiselo yonyaka, futhi izinhlawulo zifaka isicelo sokufakwa sekwephuzile.

Umenzeli Wendawo:

Inkampani yaseHong Kong kumele ibe noNobhala weNkampani ongaba umuntu oyedwa noma inkampani elinganiselwe. Uma unobhala kungumuntu oyedwa, kumele babe yisakhamuzi eHong Kong. Uma unobhala eyinkampani, ihhovisi layo elibhalisiwe kufanele libe seHong Kong.

Izivumelwano Ezimbili Zentela:

• IHong Kong ingene kwizivumelwano ezihlanganisiwe / ukuhlelelwa kwentela ephindwe kabili (DTAs) ngeziphathimandla eziningi. Ama-DTA abizwa nangokuthi izivumelwano zentela. Zivimbela intela ephindwe kabili kanye nokubalekela imali, nokukhuthaza ukubambisana phakathi kweHong Kong kanye nabanye abaphathi bamazwe ngentela ngokuqinisa imithetho yabo yentela.
• IHong Kong inezivumelwano eziphelele zentela ephindwe kabili namazwe ase-Asia nawaseYurophu.
• UMnyango Wezezimali wase-Hong Kong Inland uvumela ukudonswa kwentela yangaphandle ekhokhwe ngenzuzo engenayo maqondana nemali engenayo nayo ekhonjelwe intela eHong Kong.

Imali ekhokhwayo nelayisense:

Umuntu, ofuna ukufaka inkampani entsha eHong Kong, udinga ukukhokha izinhlobo ezimbili zemali kaHulumeni. Le mali incike emithethweni kahulumeni waseHong kong futhi asikwazi ukuyilungisa.

Imali Yokubhaliswa Kwebhizinisi, njengamanje i-HK $ 2250 ngosuku lokufakwa bese kuthi njalo ngonyaka ngosuku lokukhumbula ukufakwa. (Ukuhlelwa kwemvume ekhethekile yentela yi-HKSAR kunikezwa ngomhla ka-1 Ephreli 2016 noma ngemuva kwawo; imali yokubhaliswa kwebhizinisi yenkampani ngayinye yi-HK $ 2250).

Funda kabanzi:

• Ilayisense yebhizinisi eHong Kong
• Ukubhaliswa kophawu lwentengiso lwaseHong Kong

Usuku lokukhokha, lweNkampani Usuku:

• Ngaphambi kokuvuselelwa kwenkampani yakho minyaka yonke, i- One IBC Limited One IBC ukuqoqa izitatimende zasebhange zenkampani kanye neminye imibhalo esekelayo futhi ulungiselele i-akhawunti kanye nomsebenzi wokucwaningwa kwamabhuku ukuze ubhekane nesimemezelo sentela futhi ufake i-PTR (Inzuzo Yentela Ebuyiswayo) ne-ER (Employer Return) neziphathimandla zaseHong Kong. Amafomu entela yenzuzo kumele, njengomthetho ojwayelekile, afakwe kungakapheli inyanga eyodwa kusukela osukwini akhishwe ngalo. Uma ifomu lentela lingalethwanga ngosuku olubekiwe, lithathwa njengecala, futhi lizojeziswa uhulumeni.
• Zonke izinkampani kufanele zivuselele ukubhaliswa kwazo kwebhizinisi noMnyango Wezezimali We-Inland (IRD) minyaka yonke futhi kudingeka ukuthi zifake isethi yama-akhawunti ahloliwe ne-IRD minyaka yonke.

Ukubuyiselwa Kwenkampani

Singayibuyisa inkampani yakho yaseHong Kong uma icishiwe iRejista Yezinkampani zaseHong Kong. Izinkampani ezitelekile zibuyiselwa ngokuzenzakalela ekukhokheni zonke izimali ezisilele zamalayisense, izinhlawulo kanye nemali yokubuyiselwa kwenkampani kahulumeni.

Lapho inkampani yakho yaseHong Kong isibuyiselwe kwirejista kuthathwa ngokuthi akukaze kucishwe futhi kuthathwe njengokuqhubeka ukuqhubeka.